IPA in Unicode

The International Phonetic Alphabet can be represented in Unicode, with symbols not used in other alphabets assigned range U+0250–02AD. The following is a representation of the IPA chart encoded in Unicode. There also exist systems for representing the information contained in IPA in ASCII, including SAMPA, Kirshenbaum and other ad hoc systems to work around the difficulty of displaying IPA on computers. See also: Table of Unicode characters, 128 to 999, Unicode and HTML

Consonants (pulmonic)

style="font-size: x-small;vertical-align:top;"! colspan="2" | Labio-
dental! colspan="2" | Alveolar! colspan="2" | Retroflex! colspan="2" | Velar! colspan="2" | Pharyngeal

Bilabial		Dental		Post- alveolar		Palatal		Uvular		Glottal
Plosive	p	b					t	d					c		k	g	q
Nasal	m						n
Trill							r
Tap or Flap
Fricative			f	v		ð	s	z					ç		x						h
Lateral Fricative
Approximant													j
Lateral Approximant							l

• Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant.
• Shaded areas indicate articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-pulmonic)

bgcolor="#BECFEB" valign=top align="center" | colspan="2" | Clicks bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center" | | Bilabial | | Bilabial | bgcolor="#D0EBBE" | | bgcolor="#D0EBBE" | For example: bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center" | | Dental | | Dental/alveolar | | Bilabial bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center" | | Alveolar (retroflex) | | Palatal | | Dental/alveolar bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center" | | Palatoalveolar (alveolar) | | Velar | | Velar bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center" | | Alveolar lateral (lateral) | | Uvular | | Alveolar fricative

Voiced implosives		Ejectives

Vowels

! !

Front	Central	Back
Close
Close-mid
Open-mid
Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Symbols

bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Voiceless labial-velar fricative bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | w |Voiced labial-velar approximant bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Voiced labial-palatal approximant bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Voiceless epiglottal fricative bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Voiced epiglottal fricative bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Epiglottal plosive bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Alveolo-palatal fricatives bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Alveolar lateral flap bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | |Simultaneous and x

• Affricates and double articulations can be represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar if necessary, or represented by a ligature in the case of some common affricates:

>-

(see †)

†: due to a bug in the font Arial Unicode MS, these incorrectly formed character combinations may look better in your browser.

Suprasegmentals

bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Primary stress bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Secondary stress bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Long bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Half-long bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Extra-short bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Syllable break bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Minor (foot) group bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Major (intonation) group bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Linking (absence of a break)

Tones and Word Accents

bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Extra high bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |High bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Mid bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Low bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Extra low bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Rise bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Fall bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Downstep bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Upstep bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Global rise bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |bgcolor="#CFEBBE"| |Global fall Note: Unicode does not support most IPA symbols for non-flat tones. To represent those, one possibility is to use numbers in the subscript, e.g. /e₅₃/ for a high falling /e/. Another possibility is to use the "Box Drawings" in Unicode, e.g. // for a high flat /e/.

Diacritics

Diacritics may be placed above a symbol with a descender, i.e. bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Voiceless bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Voiced bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Aspirated | | Linguolabial bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | More rounded | | Labialized | | Nasalized bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Less rounded | | Palatalized bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Advanced | | Velarized | | Lateral release bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Retracted | | Pharyngealized | | No audible release bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Centralized bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Mid-centralized | | colspan="3" | Raised ('''''' = voiced alveolar fricative) bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Syllabic | | colspan="3" | Lowered ('''''' = voiced bilabial approximant) bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Non-syllabic | | colspan="3" | Advanced Tongue Root bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Rhoticity | | colspan="3" | Retracted Tongue Root

	Breathy voiced		Dental
	Creaky voiced		Apical
	Laminal
	Nasal release
	Velarized or pharyngealized

(Extended IPA for disordered speech.) bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Labial spreading |   | Strong articulation |   | Denasal bgcolor="#E7F5DE" | | Dentolabial | | Weak articulation |   | Nasal escape bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |   | Interdental/bidental |   | Reiterated articulation |   | Velopharyngeal friction bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |   | Alveolar | | Whistled articulation |   | Ingressive airflow bgcolor="#E7F5DE" |   | Linguolabial | | Sliding articulation |   | Egressive airflow

See also

• International Phonetic Alphabet for English
• List of phonetics topics

External links

• International Phonetic Alphabet in Unicode
• IPA chart - in glorious Technicolor Unicode
• An introduction to the sounds of languages
• IPA Chart in Unicode and XHTML/CSS
• * Interactive symbol selector

Category:Unicode category:phonetics ja:%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E5%A3%B0%E8%A8%98%E5%8F%B7 ja:%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E5%A3%B0%E8%A8%98%E5%8F%B7%E3%81%AE%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7 es:Alfabeto Fonético Internacional

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